Sakamakon binciken da aka saki a yau, wanda masu binciken kasar Nijeriya da Birtaniya suka gabatar, ya bayyana gudunmawar da WhatsApp ya bayar a zaben 2019. Bayan ganawa da masu binciken suka yi da masu kamfen din siyasa, rahoton ya bayyana yadda WhatsApp ya taimaka wajen yaduwar labaran karya a lokacin zaben, amma kuma ya taimaka wajen bibiya da kuma damawar kowa da kowa a wasu bangarorin na siyasa.

A Cibiyar Shehu Musa Yar’Adua da ke Abuja, Nijeriya, ranar Litininin 29 ga watan Yunai, masu bincike daga Cibiyar Dimokradiyya da Ci Gaba (Center for Democracy and Development) da kuma Jami’ar Birmingham ta Birtaniya sun gabatar da sakamakon binciken da kamfanin WhatsApp ya bayar da tallafi domin gabatar da bincike kan yadda gudunmawar da WhatsApp ya bayar a zaben Nijeriya na 2019. Rahoton da aka yi wa take da WhatsApp da Zaben Nijeriya na 2019: Tattaro Al’umma da Kariya ga Kuri’a,  za a iya samunsa cikin harshen Ingilishi a nan.

WhatsApp shi ne shafin tura sakonni da ya fi shahara a kasashen Afirka guda 40, ciki har da Nijeriya, saboda araha, rufaffen sako (encrypted message) da kuma yiwuwar tura sakonni ga daidaiku da kuma gamayya. Manufar binciken shi ne gano yadda manhajar WhatsApp ke iya tasiri wajen zaben Nijeriya, da kuma duniya baki daya, musamman ta bangaren yada bayanai da labaran karya da ake yi wa lakabi da “fake news” a turance.  

Dakta Jonathan Fisher (Jami’ar Birmingham) shi ne ya jagoranci binciken da ya kunshi Idayat Hassan (Cibiyar Dimokradiyya da Ci Gaga), Jamie Hitchen (mai bincke mai zaman kansa) da kuma Farfesa Nic Cheeseman (Jami’ar Birmingham). Binciken ya kunshi tattaunawa da mutane 50 da suka hada da masu kamfen din siyasa, yan gwagwarmaya, masana da kwararru a garuruwan Abuja, Oyo da Kano; tambayoyi ga mutane 1,005 da kuma ganawa da mutane a jihohin Oyo da Kano.

Ta hanyar kula da zabukan gwamnoni a jihohin Oyo da Kano, masu binciken sun gano cewa:

Tsare-Tsare: Amfani da WhatsApp yana ta zama tsararre tun daga matakin shugaban kasa. Ta hanyar shirya shafukan gamayya na WhatsApp, “Buhari New Media Centre (BNMC)” da “Atikulated Youth Force (AYF)”, sun tsara yadda suke tura sakonni ga shafukansu da yake dauke da mambobi 256 da suke watsawa ga dubunnan mutane. Daga kasa kuwa, mafi yawan aiyukan da ake yi ban tsararre ba ne. Wannan shi ya sanya jam’iyyu basu da damar kula da yadda bayanai suke fita a kananun matakai, saboda babu hannunsu a ciki. Dr. Fisher yana cewa :

“Bincikenmu ya nuna cewa yayin da WhatsApp yake karfafa alakar mai goyon baya da wanda ake goyawa baya, yana kuma karfafa da fito da wadanda ba a sansu da taka rawa a filin siyasa ba a baya – musamman matasan da suke amfani da fasahar zamani”

Gundarin Sakonni: Ana yada abubuwa daban-daban a shafin WhatsaApp da tasirinsu yake da alaka ga wanda aka turawa da kuma yadda aka bayyana masa su. Idayat Hassan ta ce:

“Tsari, yanayi da majiya da kuma gundarin sakon da aka yada ko aka karba a WhatsApp suna da matukar tasiri wajen yaduwarsu da kuma yadda za a iya Imani da su… hotuna da bidiyoyi ma na ta ci gaba da zama masu tasiri.”

Gamayyar Juna: Kungiyoyin dake kan WhatsApp da wadanda basa kai duk suna haduwa domin karfafar juna wajen gina kansu ta hanyoyin da suke da amfani wajen ganewa. Saboda haka, a mafi yawan lokaci WhatsApp yana taimakawa wajen karfafa muhimmanci da kuma tasirin da kungiyoyin suke da shi ne tun da can a siyasar Nijeriya. Jamie Hitchen ya ce :

“Alakar da ke gudana tsakanin sakonnin da ake yadawa a WhatsApp da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa a bayan fage tana da matukar muhimmanci a duniyar fasahar,.. kuma ta kawo sauyi wajen kamfen din siyasa”

Tasiri: An yi amfani da WhatsApp wajen yada bayanan karya, hakana maganinta. Daya daga cikin manyan labaran da aka yada a WhatsApp shi ne cewar Shugaba Buhari yam utu an canja shi da wani  mai kama da shi mai suna Jibrin daga Sudan. Hakana yan takarkaru sun yi amfani da WhatsApp wajen bayyanawa jama’a bayanan karyar da ake tunkararsu da shi don su kiyaye. Farfesa Cheeseman ya ce :

“Shafukan sada zumunta suna tsoratar da  dimokradiyya kuma suna karfafata. An yi amfani da WhatsApp wajen yada labaran karya a wani bangaren, binciken hakikar gaskiya da kuma duba yanayin zabuka a daya bangaren. Kalubalen shi ne a rage hanyoyin matsalolin ba tare da an rage yadda shafukan sada zumunta ke taimakawa wajen bibiya da kuma shiga harkokin siyasa ba.”

Binciken ya bayyana cewa, musamman a matakin da ba na kasa ba,  yayin da WhatsApp yake bawa yan takarkaru dama a siyasa, shafukan sada zumunta kawai basu isa su bayar da nasarar zabe ba. Maimakon haka, abin da ya fi shi ne dan takara ya zama shugaba na gari ga al’umma da yake kusa da ita a koda yaushe. Wannan yana nufin cewa kamfen din siyasar dan takara daga tushe shi ne akan gaba a wajen tafiyar da abubuwa dai-dai. Don haka, WhatsApp ya ci gabantar da siyasa ne kawai amma bai juyata ba.

Binciken ya bayyana wasu shawarwari na kusa da na nesa da ya kamata a dauka kamar haka:

Na kusa shi ne, a bawa mutane damar fita daga gamayyar WhatsApp (groups) da kuma tura rahoton bayanan karya; a bawa masu kula da shafuka damar saka sharudai; a koyawa wadanda suke da tasiri wajen al’umma ilimin fasahar zamani (Digital Literacy) kuma a karfafa yadda  WhatsApp kan iya gane illolin amfani da manhajar ta yadda bata dace ba ta hanyar bude ofisohi a Afirka.

Na nesa shi ne, gwamnatin jihohi da ta kasa su zuba jari wajen ilimantar da a al’umma ilimin fasahar zamani don ya zama a tsarin koyarwa na kasa, kuma kamfen din zabuka su fito da tsare-tsaren da zai kula da yadda ake amfani da shafukan sada zumunta a zabuka masu zuwa. Kula da bayanai a Intanet da kare hakkokin jama’a a Nijeriya da ma wasu kasashen ya kamata a bawa muhimmanci sosai.

Domin karin bayani a tuntubi:

Media Manager (University of Birmingham): Hasan Salim Patel. Email:      h.s.patel@bham.ac.uk Telephone:  +44 (0) 121 415 8134 / +44(0)7580 744943

Nigeria Contact (Centre for Democracy and Development): Idayat Hassan Email: ihassan@cddwestafrica.org Telephone/WhatsApp: +234 (0) 703 369 0566

UK Contact (University of Birmingham): Dr Jonathan Fisher Email: j.fisher@bham.ac.uk Telephone/WhatsApp: +44 (0) 7894 452 788

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Jenny wani doki ne a birnin Frankfurt na kasar Jamus, dake yin atisaye shi kadai duk safiya. Mamallakin dokin ya tsufa, baya iya hawa dokin dan yin kilisa, wannan ta sanya doin n fi shi adai n zagayawa.

Mutanan birnin Frankfurt, sun sb duk safiya suna gaida dokin duk sanda y fito kilisa. Dokin kan tsaya ya gaida mutane akan hanyarsa ta komawa gida.

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Daga Abdullahi Hashimu

Malan Lawal Maidoki, mutun ne mai amana kuma dattijo mai dattako ga dukkan al’amurran sa na yau da kullum.

Lawal Maidoki, ya kasance shi ne shugaba na farko da ya fara jagorantar Zakka da Wakafi a lokacin tsohuwar gwamnati ta Sanata Dr, Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko.

Lokacin da Wamakko ya kirkiro da Zakka da Wakafi a jahar sakkwato, ya nemi da abashi mutun mai amana da jin tsoron Allah da kuma kamantawa a cikin harkokin yau da kullun don ya bashi jagorancin Zakka da Wakafi da ya kirkiro don taimkon al’umma jahar sakkwato musamman mabukata da marasa galihu.

Batare da bata lokaci ba aka kawo wa Wamakko, Malan Lawal maidoki, aka sheda masa cewa mutunne mai amana da kuma dattako da kishin addini da al’umma.

Wamakko ya nada Lawal maidoki a matsayin shugaban zakka da wakafi a jahar sakkwato, inda har gwamnati Wamakko ta cika wa’adin ta na mulki babu wani abu na rashin ya kamata da aka samu daga Maidoki kai hasalima sai Yabo da lambonin girma ya samu daga hukumomi daban-daban akan kyakyawan Jagoranci.

Ko jagoranci Maidoki na Zakka da Wakafi ya biya bukatar gwamnatin Wamakko?

Hakika kwalliya ta biya kuddin sabulu, a jagorancin da Lawal Maidoki yayi a lokacin gwambatin Wamakko, sabo da dukkan gundumomin jahar sakkwato babu inda alhairin jagorancin maidoki bai kai ba.

Al’umma sun shiga cikin jindadi da walwala ta hanayar samun tallafi na kuddi da abinci da magani da kuma taimako da karfafa wasu ta hanayar basu jari don yin sana’a da kuma Aurar da mata da tallafawa gajiyayu da marasa galihu da uwa uba Marayu.

Zuwan Gwamnatin Aminu Waziri Tambuwal ta cigaba da aiki Lawal Maidoki, inda ta mayar da zakka da wakafi zuwa hukuma Wadda zataci gashin kanta Hukumar Zakka DA Wakafi. kuma ta bar Malan Lawal Maidoki a matsayin shugaban wannan hukuma mai zaman kanta sabo da rikon amana da iya jagoranci.

Kasan cewar kowace rayuwa ta dan Adam tana da nata guri da take so ta cimma a duk Inda ta samu kanta a cikin rayuwar yau da kullun.

Shin ko Mine ne Gurin Malan Lawal Maidoki?

Wane dalili ne yasa mai Alfarma Sarkin Musulmi ya nada Malan Lawal maidoki matsayin Sadaukin Sakkwato?

Masu karatu suna son su san minene ma’anar Kalmar Sadauki?

Domin jin amsoshin wadan nan zafafan tambayoyi sai ku kasance damu zuwa karshen mako, Inda zakuji daga bakin Lawal Maidoki.

Abdullahi Hashimu
2, June, 2019.

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Farin Rakumin dawa da bincike ya nuna shi ne guda daya tak a duniya dake yankin Garissa na kasar Kenya, an bayar da rahoton cewar ya samu juna biyu.

A watan Fabrairun shekarar 2017 ne dai aka haifi wannan farin rakumin dawa a dajin Hirola dake yankin Garissa abkasar ta Kenya dake yankin gabashin Afurka.

Mutane da dama ne, a shafukan sada zumunta suka bayyana murna da farincikinsu lokacin da hukumar kula da gandun dajim ta bayar da labarin.

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Wani mutum mai suna Lin dan shekaru 69 da haihuwa ya shafe tsawon shekara guda yana yiwa makwabtansa fitsari a cikin ruwan taki, da kuma yin wanka a cikin tankin dan nuna fushinsa kan rashin kirkin da suka yi masa.

Mutumin ya fusata ne byn d k yi masa bukulun samun wani gida da Mr Lin yaso kamawa dan ya samu kimanin dalar Amurka 12,000 inda mutan a baa wa kamfai waya salula hayar gidan.

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Sadiyya t bude wata katafariyar hanyar da ta gina mikakkiya da babu karkata mai tsawon kilomita 256, wadda tafi kowacce hanya tsawo a duniya mara karkta.

Hanyar dai ta tashi daga garin Al Haradh zuwa Al Badha, garuruwan da suka yi iyaka da hadaddiyar daular Larabawa, garuruwan dai na daga cikin yankuna masu arzikin man fetur a kasar ta Saudiyya.

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Babbar kotun koli ta tarayyar Najeriya, a ranar Talata ta tabbatar da Abba Kabir Yusuf a matsayin halastaccen dan takarar jam’iyyar PDP a zaben 2019 da aka kammala.

Tun farko, Ibrahim Ali Amin Little ne ya shigar da kara kotu yana mai kalubalantar kasancewar Abba a matsayin dan takarar jam’iyyar PDP.

Sai dai, a hukuncin da kotun ta zartar a ce Abba Kabiru Yusuf shi ne sahihin dan takarar jam’iyyar a zaben Gwamnan Ka wand uwar jam’iyar ta kasa ta amince da shi.

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Kafofi yada labarai a birnin Alqahira sun bayar da labarin rasuwar tsohon shugaban kasar Mohammed Morsi, a yayin da ake cigaba da yi masa Shariah a kasar kan zarge zargen cin hanci da rashawa.

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Yanzu dai babu batun zabe ko rantsar da zababbu. Sai nan da bayan shekaru hudu masu zuwa, idan Allah ya kaimu, an kuma kada kugen Siyasa, dan yin wani sabon zaben, a dukkan matakai na shugabanci. Allah yasa wadanda aka zaba kuma aka rantsar suyi abinda ya dace ga dukkan ‘yan Najeriya da ake wakilta ko ake Shugabanta.

Bayan kammala wannan zaben, da kuma rantsar da wadan da aka zaba, nayi nazarin abinda idona ya gani da abinda naji ko na karanta game da wannan zaben nan na 2019, mai dankaren tsada.

Abubuwa da yawa sun faru, mutane da dama sun shaida, ko da kuwa mutum bai je wajen zabe ba, to, ba zai kasa sanin abubuwan da suka gudana ba, ko a wajen yakin neman zabe ko a wajen zabe.

Tun daga batun yakin neman zabe da ‘yan takarkari suka yi a jam’iyyu daban daban, da shi kansa zaben, da kuma batun rantsar da wadan da aka zaba. Abubuwa masu dadi da marasa dadi sun auku.

Tabbatacce al’amari ne, tun lokacin da ake yakin neman zabe har zuwa lokacin zabe, an bayar da labarai na hasarar rayukan mutane da dama, musamman tsakanin magoya bayan ‘yan siyasa. Inda kusan galibin wadan da suka rasa rayukansu, a sanadiyar wannan zabe, talakawa ne, ko dai talaka aka kashe, ko kuma talaka ne yayi kisan.

Wato dai wadan da ake mulka sune suke kashe junansu, akan wadan da zasu mulke su. Su kuwa galibin wadan da ake wannan abu dan su, idan sun hadu da juna, musabiha suke yi, suna sakarwa juna fuska da murmushi, har ma a rungumi juna.

Idan kana jin musayar kalamai tsakanin wasu manyan ‘yan siyasa, ko ‘yan takarkaru, zaka yi zaton idan an hadu da juna, za a rabu dutse hannun riga, amma ina, sai kaga ana murna, ana murmushi, su kuwa magoya baya an barsu da cin mutuncin junansu da yiwa juna kallon hadarin kaji.

Babban abinda yafi jan hankali a wannan zaben, shi ne abinda kowa ya sani na yadda kudi suka taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan zabe, kowa ya gani, yadda aka dinga sayen kuri’un mutane, suna yin zabe, babu batun cancanta ko ra’ayi, wanda duk yafi bada kudi mai kauri shi zai fi samun kuri’a.

To, babban tashin hankalin, shi ne, daga lokacin da talaka yace ba zai yi zabe ba sai an bashi kudi, to rannan ya sabbabawa kansa dawwama cikin talauci, a gefe guda kuma masu kudi da masu hannu da shuni zasu dawwama cikin daula da walwala.

Domin kuwa, shi talaka, shi da yin mulki haihata haihata. Saboda ba shi da kudin da zai rabawa masu zabe dan su zabe shi, danginsa ad abokansa ab su da kudin ad zasu taimaka masa, duk cancantarsa, duk kwarewa da gogewarsa, al’umma ba zasu zabe shi ba indai ba zai raba kudi ba.

Abin mamaki, kaga mutum, yana tare da mutane, sun sanshi, sun san dacewa da cancantarsa, amma idan bai basu kudi ba, ba zasu zabe shi ba, sun gwammace su zabi mara kirki fijiri, kawai dan ya raba musu kudi. Kaico!

Mai zai faru? Masu arziki da masu hannu da shuni zasu ci karensu babu babbaka, domin wanda duk jakar kudinsa tafi girma, tun a karon farko, shi ne zai samu tikitin tsayawa takara a cikin jam’iyya, kafin a tunkari babban zabe.

Muna sane, dukkanmu cewar, babu wani dan takara da zai samu tikitin tsayawa zabe a cikin kowacce jam’iyya sai ya sayi daliget, idan ma kato bayan kato ne, sai ya biya mutane kudi, sannan su hau layinsa, wannan abu ne da kowa ya sani.

Kafin dan takara ya shiga yakin neman zaben duk gari, zaka samu, ya kashe makudan kudade, balle kuma azo a tunkari babban zabe, inda nan ne ake madarar kashe kudi, banda kungiyoyi na coge da zasu yi ta kai bara wajen dan takara, zaka ga yadda ake kashe kudi kamar tsinko su ake daga bishiya.

Duk wannan ba komai yake nunawa ba, illa yadda rayuwar talaka ta shiga garari, kuma ya zama abin tausayi. A irin wannan yanayi wane talaka ne zai tsaya zabe yakai labari? Sai dai idan yana da ubangida hamshakin mai arziki da zai tsaya masa, alabashshi daga bisani shima a biya masa tasa bukatar.

Masu kudi zasu tallafawa ‘yan uwansu masu kudi dan suci zabe, saboda sune za a baiwa manyan manyan kwangiloli masu tsoka, bugu da kari kuma sune za a baiwa manyan mukamai na gwamnati wadan da ake samun kudade masu tsoka.

Kana tsammanin akwai wani talaka da zai tsaya zabe, masu kudi su taimaka masa da kudin shiga zabe, dan kawai ya cancanta? Idan wannan shi ne tunaninka, to, ka farka, dan mafarki kake yi, talaka ya sanya siyasar Najeriya ta sake yin tsada sosai.

Wadannan masu kudin, ba zasu taba damuwa da duk wani zagi da cin mutunci, da talakawa zasu yi musu, a kafafen sadarwa ko yada labarai ba, domin abinda suka kwana da saninsa, shi ne, talaka zai zabe su matukar sun bashi kudi a ranar zabe.

Wani zubin sai ka kasa fahimtar hakikanin hankali da tunanin mutane, kaji mutum ko ina zaginsa ake yi, ana ambaton rashin kirkinsa, amma ranar zabe idan yazo, ya bayar da kudi, kaga ana zabarsa ana murna, mutane da yawa zasu iya bada misalai akan haka.

A irin wannan tsarin demokaradiyyar jari hujja, kana zaton talaka zai fita daga wahala da talauci? Kana zaton zai dandana zakin kudi da dadin mulki? Dan talaka yayi karatun digiri ko NCE da kyar ya bige da samun jarin Naira dubu goma, ko aikin koyarwa a makarantun ‘ya ‘yan talakawa, shima na wucin gadi, bayan shekara biyu a sallame shi a dauki wani.

Akwai talakawa futuk da zasu iya samun mukamai, ko suci zabe, amma ‘by accident’, kamar yadda ya faru a jihar Zamfara, amma shima irin wannan din; za’a kawo karshensa, ta yadda masu hannu da shuni zasu yiwa talakawa tara tara, ta yadda komai kankantar jam’iyya, in kai talaka ne ba zaka iya yin takara a ciki ba.

Saboda sharuddans da za a gindaya maka, ba zaka iya shiga zabe a kila wa kala ba, ta yadda zaka gwammacekasa kudinka a inda idanma asara ce zata zo da sauki. A irin wannan tsari lokaci zai zo, hatta kananan mukamai da ake ganin jeka nayika ne, in ba kada kudi ba zaka taba jin kanshinsu ba.

Domin kuwa, su wadan da suke kan karagar mulki, wadan da suka shake jam’iyyu, ba zasu taba yadda ka shigo cikinsu kayi takara ba, sai sun tatseka kudi mai yawa, sannan ka iya samun damar tsayawa a matakin zaben fidda gwani.

Haka nan, lokaci zai zo, mukamin da zababbu suke bayarwa dan a tayasu aiki, shima sai mai kudin da zai iya basu, dan mayar da kudaden da suka kashe wajen yakin neman zabe, sannan zasu yadda su baka mukamin Kwamishina ko SA ko wani shugaban wata hukuma ko ma’aikata.

Duk wannan zai faru ne, sakamakon cewar da talaka yayi ba zai yi zabe ba, sai an bashi kudi. Matukar bamu tashi muka yi yaki da zuciyarmu ba, muka hakura da kadan din da za a bayar lokacin zabe, to tabbas zamu cigaba da zaman kashin dankali a Najeriya, hatta nana.

Idan kuwa mutane sun yiwa kansu kiyamul laili, to, sune zasu ci gajiyar jajircewa da tsayawa kan manufa ta zaben mutanan da suka dace, suci gajiyar ayyukan da suka dace, wadan da zasu kyautata rayuwarsu da ta yalansu.

Idan kuwa ba haka ba, to ba shakka, talaka zai dawwama a cikin talauci da wahala, masu kudi zasu dawwama a cikin daula da walwala. Allah ya kiyaye.

Yasir Ramadan Gwale
15-06-2019

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Shugaban majalisar dattawa Ahmed Lawan ya jagoranci zaman farko bayan zaben sa da aka yi a matsayin Shugaban majalisar dattawa ta kasa a jiya.

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